mcbeth - 1353 Words

From hero to villain – how and why does Macbeth fall from celebrated loyal subject to murderous villain? Macbeth was written by Shakespeare in 1603-1607. It was also written in the time of the reign of James I. at that time people believed in witchcraft and the supernatural. People also liked their violence. The Macbeth play is also called the Scottish play because to call it Macbeth could cause misfortune or bad luck for the actors. Macbeth falls from a hero for his country and king to someone who is a dark and evil person. Macbeth is a very ambitious person even from the start when he meets the three witches. Macbeth and Banquo meet the three witches in a cave and the witches speak about the good news in the future in a sort of†¦show more content†¦How easy it is then!† that also shows that her respect and her attitude to the king is bad and she really doesn’t care about him. After everyone has found out that the king is dead Banquo suspects Macbeth of doing something to make the witches predictions that they ways saying to become true. At that time Macbeth is king so he turns on his best friend Banquo and has him and all of his family including Fleance killed because he was the only person there when the predictions of Macbeth becoming king and also the witches said that Banquos son Fleance would become king too. So this shows that that Macbeth is getting over protective of his crown to the throne so he will do anything to stop people becoming king. So he will kill he’s best friend and his family only because the three withes said that predictions of Macbeth becoming king. So Macbeth is going into a downward spiral towards great darkness and becoming ever more evil from every action he makes and does to protect the crown. Macbeth goes back to see the three witches because he wants to know more and more that what is going to happen to him in the future. The witches say they can sense something evil coming near to their cave that is Macbeth. When Macbeth ask the witches they say â€Å"Macbeth, beware he thane of fife Macduff†. But Macbeth doesn’t understand the witches and thinks that it is macduff and his family that he should be aware of. The witches also tell him more predictions like no manShow MoreRelatedA Psychological Interview Analysis Of Levinson s Life Structure Approach And Erikson s Theory Of Human Development Essay944 Words   |  4 Pagesof Human Development Approach This psychological interview analysis will compare and summarize the theoretical applications of Erikson’s Theory of Human Development and Levinson’s Life Structure Approach. The subject of the interview, Charlotte McBeth, will express the challenges that arise in the stable and transitional periods of life in a Scottish family, which she expresses in the various aspects of instability and transitional periods that Levinson defines. The death of an infant brother definesRead MoreThe Parents Of School Aged Children2263 Words   |  10 Pagesparents of school-aged children. The purpose of this particular focus group was to discuss the parent’s views of the recent school shootings, what they feel is causing them, and what actions need to be taken to prevent further incidents (Clemons McBeth, 2009). Content Analysis Upon review of the content of the focus groups transcripts and conducting a content analysis of it, it was determined, the views expressed by the participants fit into one of several categories. The first identifiable categoryRead MoreWilliam Carey745 Words   |  3 Pagesaffected the image of the SBC and the confidence of its members. The recession, the scandal, and the stock market crash of 1929 further exasperated the Baptists. In response, Southern Baptist had massive cuts in areas of missions, and education. McBeth expressed the dire state: â€Å"SBC and its entire assets could probably have been thrown into bankruptcy proceedings had the creditors desired.† The dire situation provided a target for fundamentalists to attack. As pastors pressured their congregationsRead MoreIdaho State University Resources Research Project1281 Words   |  6 Pagesthe middle building with the big steel bison in front directly to the left. Talking to people in different department s may help a student with their career paths just like it would if the talked to someone in the Career or Success Centers. Dr. Mark McBeth states â€Å"Most departments will work with students helping them think though how a particular major would impact a student s career options.† There are several different departments on campus the best way to located them is by going on Idaho StateRead Moreâ€Å"Reformed Theology and the Southern Baptist Convention: Historical Precedent or Revisionist Heterodoxy4258 Words   |  18 Pages2014). McBeth, H. Leon. The Baptist Heritage Four Centuries of Baptist Witness. Nashville: Bamp;H Academic, 1987. McGrath, Alister. Christianitiys Dangerous Idea. New York: Harper One, 2007. Paschal, George Washington. History of North Carolina Baptist Vol. II. Raleigh: The General Board North Carolina Baptist State Convention, 1955. -------------------------------------------- [ 1 ]. Hill 2006, 268 [ 2 ]. Ibid, 256 [ 3 ]. Gonzalez 2010, 193 [ 4 ]. McGrath 2007, 137 [ 5 ]. McBeth 1987,Read MoreA Streetcar Named Desire-A Tragic Hero1422 Words   |  6 Pagesthing I have never, never been guilty of. (Williams, Scene 10 Pg 126) Anagnoririsis is the recognition or discovery made by the tragic hero, the point in time when the hero realizes what went wrong and why. Most other tragedies like Hamlet and Mcbeth feature this but this does not happen to Blanche. In the end Blanche was sent to a mental institution, she never gained any knowledge of what truly happened and why. In this way, it could be said that Blanche is not your typical tragic hero becauseRead MoreMacbeth vs Scotland, PA Essay example2332 Words   |  10 Pagessucceeds when the English army invades his castle and is marked by Macduff outplaying Macbeth in a fierce sword fight. The movie Scotland, PA sets in the 1970s at a fast food restaurant in Scotland, a small town in Pennsylvania. Joe â€Å"Mac† McBeth and Pat McBeth work for Norm Duncan, the owner of the â€Å"Duncan’s.† The couple is discontent with their ignoble social status as well as their jobs because of their insolent manager, Doug. In a bar, Mac’s friend, Anthony â€Å"Banko† Banconi, accuses Doug of embezzlingRead MoreEssay Music Concert Report957 Words   |  4 Pageswas conducted by Dr. Nicholas Muni from MSM Symphonic Band with one of the talented musicians from PCSl High School, Ms. Jai Sun Song. The Manhattan School of Music Band performed a total of fives pieces such as the â€Å"Drayton Hall Esprit† by Francis McBeth, â€Å"Sea Songs† by Ralph Vaughan Williams, â€Å"With Quiet Courage† by Larry Daehn, â€Å"Noisy Wheels of Joy† by Eric Whitacre, â€Å"National Emblem† by E.E. Bagley. On the other hand, the MSM Sym phonic Band also performed a total of five excellent pieces such asRead MoreMacbeth : Who Made Choices? Essay714 Words   |  3 Pagesvicious heart. People think Macbeth killed all of those innocent people because Lady Macbeth compelled him to do that. However, I state that Macbeth made his own choices. Lady Macbeth just made it faster to happen. Lady Macbeth had power first, then Mcbeth took it. After that, they lost their power in the end of play. We can see that their struggle for power shifted throughout the play. The relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth can be broken into three different periods. The first period wasRead MoreImplementation Of International Human Rights Treaties1917 Words   |  8 Pagescases since its establishment in 1959, and seeing the Court’s statistics it is easy to notice that there are countries that have very high numbers of violations (Turkey with 3095) while other countries are at a minimum level (Monaco with 2) . As McBeth, Nolan and Rice say: â€Å"aspirational treaties alone are not enough to secure human rights† , there is a common believe that the frameworks of treaties, through aspirational ones, where the countries’ willingness to comply, are not enough to promote

Divorce Why It Affects Children More Than Adults

Divorce: Why It Affects Children More Than Adults In today’s world many things affect children way more than it will adults. Children, while younger, are more vulnerable than adults are, and they have more potential to become â€Å"corrupted†. Divorce is one of the many occurrences that definitely affects children way more than adults. Divorce affects the adults with money issues, loss of a partner, and the lifestyle of the adult and with over â€Å"fifty percent of marriages† (Corcoran 1997) ending in divorce many of the children in the U.S. are becoming effected too. Divorce affects children by giving them stress that they are too young to deal with, relationship issues in the future, and it can affect one’s self-esteem. First of all, divorce affects the parents because they get engulfed in financial cost, they lost a partner that was once close to them, and it may affect the adult’s lifestyle in little ways. The financial part of the divorce is h aving to pay for child support, two separate households, and sometimes even extra presents for the kids. It may give the adults many mood swings like aggression, guilt, and depression, because they lost someone once so dear to them. Some little ways it can effect an adult’s lifestyle are the divorced couple now has to cope with single life again. These divorcees have to deal with normal house chores by themselves, and may be â€Å"less focused at work and spending time away from the job.† (Derichs 2014) All of these effects take a toll on theShow MoreRelatedDivorces Have Negative Effects on Children Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pages In our nation divorce is a big part of life. Divorce is the legal dissolution of marriage or the termination of an existing relationship or union. Divorce starts with two adults but always ends up impacting the children in the biggest way. Sons and daughters of divorce often feel confused and abandoned, lose their family structure, and exp erience identity crisis. Many parents never bother to think of how divorce will affect their children. Children are impacted by divorce in multiple ways.Read More How Divorce Effects Kids Essay951 Words   |  4 Pageslifelong commitment, why are so many of these marriages ending? What does marriage mean to people nowadays and why do people decide to get married? Records show us that people have been getting married for as long as the earliest recorded history. There are many benefits for couples who have a successful marriage. When a marriage begins to fail it is usually due to a couples inability to communicate, lack of a common goal, or a trust vs. mistrust issue; therefore, more so than not, these types ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Teens1402 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is one of the most common happenings in the world experienced by children. Most children go through different adjustments to become comfortable with the fact that their parents are not together anymore. Children o f divorced parents are prone to lifelong effects. Seventy-five to eighty percent of children have divorced parents and twenty-five percent of those children have serious social, emotional, or psychological problems for the rest of their life. Most adults think that it is best forRead MoreDivorce Where Children Are Involved Essay1561 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce has become a major part of our society and affects many people every year. In some instances of divorce, families have been torn apart leaving children stuck in the middle of conflict. This is where children start lashing out at their parents and everyone around them and it is because they are hurt and out of their comfort zone. One cannot forget about the children that divorce affects in a negative way. However, this is not always the case. There are children of divorce that get throughRead MoreEssay on Effects of Divorce on a Child1464 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is a very common word in todays society. According t o the American Heritage Dictionary, divorce is the legal dissolution of a marriage or a complete or radical severance of closely connected things(Pickett, 2000). This dissolution of marriage has increased very rapidly in the past fifty years. In 1950 the ratio of divorce to marriage was one in every four; in 1977 that statistic became one in two. Currently one in every two first marriages results in divorce. In second marriages thatRead MoreEssay Life After Divorce1088 Words   |  5 Pagesyes, well if you do it wouldn’t hurt you to know that the divorce rate is over 50 %! Marriage, sacred by religion and respected by older generations, doesn’t always last forever, within the last fifty years the divorce rate has increased by more than half of all marriages ending in divorce. There is many factors as to why two people divorce and its effects on the adults and children in the family. In my opinion the top three effects of divorce are former lovers losing feelings, economic troubles, andRead MoreDivorce Has A Huge Impact On My Life1668 Words   |  7 Pagesto a divorce. Since I was extremely young, I cannot remember how it affected me. But once I got into grade school, I was in great knowledge that something was different. I then started to understand the affects my parents’ divorce had on me such as anger, resentment, feeling of loneliness, and prob-lems with communication. Now that I am a young adult, I still feel like I am being affected by those same problems except now I am able to control myself when I start to feel the symptoms. Divorce has hadRead MoreHow Children Are Affected Children With Non Divorced Parents Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States end in divorce. With these one million children are affected each year. Eighty five percent of these children live in single parent households, with the mother being the head of the house. The father is usually distant or does not speak to the children at all. These children a re highly affected and experience a great deal of emotional and academic problems. Especially when you compare them to children with non-divorced parents. During adolescence, these children have twice as high asRead MoreTaking a Look at Divorce1420 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is viewed differently by many people. Sometimes this is due to experiences, what others have said, or looking at studies that are not always accurate. However, not everyone can have the same views about marriage ending in divorce. In the article, â€Å"No Easy Answers: Why the Popular View of Divorce Is Wrong† by Constance Ahrons she shows her view on divorce. Ahrons believes that divorce does not have long-lasting damaging effects on children (65). Divorce can affect children in the family butRead MoreEffects Of Divorce In The Family912 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce changes the family unit The family is an important part of our life, it is where we belong and where we get our identities from. For me, family means people that love each other, a strong connection and a long lasting relationship. The family is the most important value who shaped my life. The traditional family means parents, children, and relatives. In our days there are a significantly changes that affect the family unit. One of the frequent changes is divorce. The raising

Unemployment on Poverty and Inequality

Question: Discuss about the Unemployment on Poverty and Inequality. Answer: Introduction: As a prerequisite to writing my Economics 101 paper, I interviewed Mr. Henry Lloyd. Notably, the interviewee is my older brother. As of now, he is a victim of the long term unemployment menace that has affected the Australian economy for decades. Long term unemployment is a significant problem in Australia. Essentially, an individual is long term unemployed if he or she remains without finding any form of work for over 52 weeks (Australian Policy Online, 2011). For this reason, the person receives income support from the government for over 52 weeks (Australian Policy Online, 2011). In the same view, Lloyd has suffered from long term unemployment as he has been unable to find work for almost eighteen months now. I started the interview by introducing Lloyd to the topic and explaining the relevance of the topic to my studies. After listening carefully to my explanation, he asked me to proceed with the interview. To start off the interview, I requested him to disclose the period length in which he has been unable to secure a job. To this, he responded by saying that he has been unable to find any form of employment in the country for over one and a half years, despite the fact that he has been actively looking for a job. Additionally, he added that he has sent out his resume to various companies in the country and is yet to receive any positive response from them. Markedly, this sad response prompted me to ask if he had been able to find any employment since he graduated. According to Lloyd, he graduated in 2013 with a bachelors degree in business administration. After graduation, he was able to find a temporary job at an audit firm. Here he worked for three months before he was told that the company was unable to accommodate many employees due to high costs. He then explained that after he was laid off, he remained unemployed for about six months before landing another job. This time round, he was employed on contract in a manufacturing company in Melbourne. The contract lasted for one year, after which he was terminated. When I asked him why the contract was not renewed, he said that the company was undergoing a period of continued financial losses and needed to cut down on wage costs. For this reason, many employees who were employed on contract basis had their contract terminated after the end of the agreed term. We went silent for a momen t before I could ask the next question. Then, I requested him to tell me the how being long term unemployed has affected him as an individual. In response, he took a deep breath and then explained that the continued period of joblessness has made him dependent on the other people, especially my parents. He further explained that he has been unable to move out of the family house and start his own family due to the lack of income to support a new family (Jericho, 2014). For this reason, he has remained a bachelor despite being old enough to marry and raise his own family. Additionally, he clarified that being jobless has eroded his confidence and selfesteem, increased stigma and shame and also alienation among his peers (Bassett, 2011). There is also increased family tension as he is under constant pressure from my parents to get a job (Leahy, 2013). Generally, long term joblessness has adversely affected his social life. In retrospect, I inquired if continued joblessness had any impact on a persons skills and economic value over time. To this, Lloyd responded by explaining that one adverse effect of long term joblessness is skill atrophy (Cavalho, 2015). More specifically, he explained that the longer he remained out of work, the more likely his skills deteriorated (Saunders, 2002). Mainly, this is due to the lack of use of the initial skills and training (Wade, 2014). Besides, employers seek years of experience, something that he does not have due to the continued period of joblessness (Loussikian, 2014). In this regard, his chances of getting an employment opportunity dwindle as time passes. To conclude the interview, I asked Lloyd to share with me how the experiences of being long term unemployed have affected his view and thinking about the current events in the country. Notably, he took this question with a lot of regards and explained that being unemployed has made him more attentive to the current economic events. He narrated that he is hopeful that the government will work out a strategy to increase the level of employment in the country. In addition, he is also watching out for government training programs that may be initiated to help him upgrade his skills to meet the requirements of the employers in the country. In the same view, the interview changed my perspective and view of things about current events. More precisely, I learned that long term unemployment is a persistent menace in the country, and could affect even individuals with exceptional academic qualifications. I had never discussed the topic with my brother, and it was great to hear what he had to say about the current long term unemployment problem in the country. References Bassett, L. (2011). Study: Longterm Unemployment Has Disastrous Effects On Health And Longevity. The Huffington Post. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/05/study-longterm-unemployme_n_779743.html Carvalho, P. (2015). Australia's unemployed youth are getting priced out of the market. ABC. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-11-23/carvalho-youth-unemployment-priced-out-of-the-market/6964232. Jericho, G. (2014). Our long-term unemployment headache. ABC. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-26/jericho-our-long-term-unemployment-headache/5343362. Leahy, R. (2013). Unemployment Is Bad for Your Health. The Huffington Post. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-leahy-phd/unemployment-health_b_2616430.html Long term unemployment in Australia: extent and effects You would be surprised!. (2011). Compassion Pop. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://compassionpop.wordpress.com/2011/10/12/long-term-unemployment-in-australia-extent-and-effects-you-would-be-surprised/. Loussikian, K. (2010). Evaluating Teacher Effectiveness. The Conversation. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://theconversation.com/long-term-youth-unemployment-triples-in-six-years-study-25543. Saunders, P. (2002). The Direct and Indirect Effects of Unemployment on Poverty and Inequality. Social Policy Research Center. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream/1/412/1/SPRC%20Discussion%20Paper%20No%20118.pdf. Wade, M. (2014). Long-term unemployment in Australia. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 21 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.smh.com.au/national/longterm-unemployment-damages-australias-wellbeing-20140606-39ojk.html.

School Affiliation Essay Example

School Affiliation Essay Simply viewed, purchasing is ultimately purchasing. Procurement specialists in the two sectors and even from the third sector of charitable, non-profit, and volunteer groups order their purchases from the same suppliers. Both the private and the public sectors pursue value for money. Towards this end, they plan responsible efficient and flexible procurement systems.   However, few differences draw the distinction between the two sectors. This is reflected in the radically different dynamics in the two sectors’ operations. As the paper unfolds, it emerges that there is a lot which the public sector can learn from the private sector if it is to achieve the same level of success enjoyed by the former (Barrett and Hill, 2004).The volume or size reflects on one of the commonly touted differences in the procurement sectors (Braczyk, Cooke and Heidenreich, 1998). However, it is inevitable to examine differences in reporting, competition, trade agreements, accountability, corporate culture, tendering processing, awarding tenders, and performance. It is also important to look into professionalism across the two sectors. The commonality or difference in skills is critical also. Ethical considerations across the two sectors are equalled examined with a view to raising valuable information whether the public sector has something to learn from the private sector or not.The public sector management environment is heavily regulated by policy, legislation, and specific processes while on the other hand, the private sector remains more receptive to enterprising and entrepreneurial dynamics as exhibited by their differences in corporate culture (Braczyk, Cooke and Heidenreich, 1998). It is true that the private sector is also subject to certain rules and regulations but the difference rests on the nature of the regulations. The entrepreneurial dynamics are apparently an absent phenomenon in the public sector apart from few instances. This entrepreneurial focus is an are a where the public procurement sector needs to learn and improve on based on the private procurement sector model. However, the sector may be impeded by the political influence, as the partisan nature of political processes is influential.The professionals who work in the public sector procurement need significantly more than the regular amount of diplomacy, patience, communication skills, and political intelligence if it is to prevail (Barrett and Hill, 2004). On the other hand, private sector procurement operates in more advanced challenges in the form of bigger risks, more recognition, among other issues. It is on this premise that the view that private sector pays more recognition to competence as key towards success in comparison to the public sector is held. The public procurement sector should minimise the diplomacy and political leanings and focus on competency just as the private procurement sector. Such focus should ensure bigger and attractive returns.Accountability and t ransparency present other areas of concern in reference to procurement (Barrett and Hill, 2004). This is influenced by the fact that the stakeholders in the public sector procurement come from diverse circles and do not stand a meaningful chance in influencing it. The stakeholders largely composed of taxpayers, clients, elected officials, and in other instances; vendors, underscore this realization. On the converse, the private procurement sector employs up-to date mechanisms to ensure accountability ad transparency in engagements. Most private procurement entities also focus on specific markets, an aspect that the public procurement sector can only attain through the establishment of specialised separate units to address the various aspects of procurement demands.It is thus not surprising that before procurement decisions are made, it is preferred that consensus is struck. Public organizations thus focus on consensus building rather than working competitively (Braczyk, Cooke and He idenreich, 1998).   Public procurement officers are as a result under an obligation to work cooperatively as opposed to doing so competitively. This is further under-lied by the idea that public enterprises engage in the sharing of some information, as it is a requirement in most public organisations. Ontario Public Buyers Association offers an example of organisations, which operate under these conditions. Consensus building is desirable towards appeasing contending stakeholders but this holds limited economic sense. This holds true since consensus building does not factor in the essence of time and other factors, which influence business in a positive manner.  Ã‚  Ã‚   As proposed earlier, public procurement should be split into specialised units to deal with specific issues in procurement as it happens in the private sector.The freedom and flexibility to conduct business is absent in the public sector (Earl, 2002). On the converse, the private sector enjoys the presence of th ese attributes, which constitute the dream pursuits of every buyer. Flexibility is examined in reference to the kind of red tape associated with the public sector procurement. The procedural rules negatively influence the procurement process as the lengthening of the exercise proves an unattractive proposition. The red tape as a result puts constraints and unnecessary demands on the process of procurement. Red tape was intended to ensure observance of set rules ad regulations, but this s no longer congruent with emerging trends in business.  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a result, doing away with the unnecessary procedural demands is desirable if the public procurement sector is to make progress.The absence of purposeful negotiations, discussions, leniency measures further compounds the shortcomings associated with public sector procurement. It is notable that public enterprises do not take their time in responding to issues like requests for proposals. Precision and detail must be presented to eve ry relevant department before a decision is arrived at. On the converse, in the private sector procurement, the clients’ issues are keenly attended to as required. In the entrepreneurship spirit, private sector procurement allows for the negotiation of deals on the basis of fees and terms of work which appeal to both parties, as a result, growth in private procurement in tandem with quality of work (Earl, 2004). The focus is on building a good and long lasting working relationship between customers and private organizations.   In the private sector procurement, if a company or client secures a satisfactory engagement, when similar projects emerge, the need to go through the same sieving exercises are not considered. The basis upon which tenders are given rests o the previous records of accomplishment.The solid ethical and moral aspects, which governmental organizations lean on, account for some unnecessary engagements. Public sector procurement demands that adherence to rul es and procedures are unquestionable (Edquist, 1997). The formal protocol on responsibility, liability, accountability, and the need to protect government information constrains public procurement. On the other hand, the private sector procurement extends freedom on contractual engagements. The private sector clients focus on the market share, competitiveness, and visibility, fees, and contracts act as a measure towards achieving these goals. The moment corporate professionalism is established with a private sector client, the credibility set is useful in determining fruitful future engagements.Of late, governments are embracing e-Procurement; this embracement is based on the realization made concerning the beneficial attributes arising from both administrative and cost reductions associated with such in the private sector (Malerba, 2002). Tendering platforms, desktop purchasing systems, and e-marketplaces, features common in private sector procurement have been adopted in the publi c sector procurement. This is a positive step, which should pave way for similar improvements towards the promotion of efficiency and effectiveness.The nature of public sector procurement goes through rigorous bureaucratic procedures based on institutional demands (Miles, 2004). The regulation process of public procurement, which witnesses different roles played by international, national, and regional authorities, implies that this type of procurement faces a number of hurdles to overcome. This regulation is meant to ensure competition and transparency in the procurement exercise. To cite an example, public procurement in the UK has to be consistent wit the European Union procurement guidelines, which offer a framework of rules on the issue. These rules and regulations deter EU member countries from distorting competition in public procurement on the basis of geographical or national basis. The creation of the European market provides an avenue for getting value for money in the pr ocurement sector. Apart from adhering to the European Union policy on public procurement, the public institutions must also comply with the requirements imposed by the government as reflected by the Value for Money policy. This policy demands that procurement choices should be premised on whole life cost assessment as opposed to lowest price only.On the basis of this synopsis, it is clear that government procurement is diverse in respect to what it has to cover. This extension and complexity implies that achieving efficiency and lower costs is hard to make operational. Reducing the complexity characterising public sector procurement is thus a challenge.The tendering process is designed in a way that ensures that work done by the government is given out fairy. The government considers the pricing and the nature of the entity offering the required services. The aim is to ensure that tender processing is fairly done based on governmental policies. Though important, pricing is not the m ajor focus in public procurement (Malone, 2001).On the other hand, private sector tendering focuses on fairness and effectiveness in reference to competition. This is based on the drive towards achieving the most cost-effective outcomes in the tendering process. The primary focus is the cost effect, an attribute the government needs to learn from the private sector tendering (Malone, 2001).The political elite holds a lot of power when it comes to public tendering. This is partly due to the fact that the political class hold executive powers in country leaderships.   On the other hand, in the private sector, key officials of companies who hold the required expertise holds the power of making decisions on the tendering processes (Malone, 2001). The public sector should learn from the private sector by fully authorising the bureaucratic experts to control the tendering process.If the public sector is to be in a position to operate competitively, it needs to posses buyer power. As in the case of the private buyer power, the public purchasing power may rise from the size of demand in reference to the public sector against the total market demand or due to strategic importance (Cohen and Levinthal, 2006). The size of the market however big, it may be affected by the uncoordinated and fragmented approach by the public procurement sector.   This uncoordinated approach lowers the purchasing power of the public procurement sector.   This presents one area the public sector needs to learn from the private sector. Towards this end, the public procurement sector should learn how to coordinate its activities properly in order to take advantage of its aces to big markets.The public procurement sector is fraught with unnecessary restrictions on participation (Cohen and Levinthal, 2006). The sector is also characterised with cost escalation. This especially affects small bidders. Such represent the level of discrimination in the sector. Large firms who are at a sound fin ancial standing are thus the ones favoured in the public procurement sector.   Towards reducing the chances of participation from the procurement process, the nature of restricted communication as reflected in the limited publication of contracting opportunities, this coupled with the narrow based qualification criteria place too much focus on firm size and experience. There are both benefits associated with increasing the number of bidders.However, the question of whether the government attains the balance between increased costs due to the higher number of participants and the expected drop in the prices as a result of the fierce competition both within the short term and the long-term. The pursuit of value for money should ensure the correct trade off is made, however, this may never be the case. This is attributable to the fact that the administrative costs are more visible as compared to the cost savings obtained from intense competition. Further, afield, risk aversion may le ad to favouritism in which case, well-established companies and incumbents take the opportunities ahead of new entrants. Incumbency may limit participation. This is possible if minor suppliers believe that the public procurement sector is friendly to senior suppliers. This implies that some suppliers may boycott the bidding exercises, as they fear their success chances are limited. Such boycotts may in turn trigger price increases due to lowered competition (Cohen and Levinthal, 2006).Openness and publicness pass as challenges on the public procurement sector.   Everything, which is done by public procurement, is subject to scrutiny from the public.   The public purchases are normally orchestrated through invitations for bids. This opens the process to public bidding. In public procurement, public bid tabulations, which are posted on government websites.   This implies that everybody understands what is going on.Overall, the private sector procurement focuses on profit, which is achievable through fierce competition. In practice, there is great variation in the way in which private managers go about establishing links with the customers. This is captured by the pursuit of firms’ attempts to lock opponents out of the market (Malone, 2001). Some firms operate in unstable environments, others like do like monopolies, while others operate in relatively protected niches where entrants find it difficult to make inroads, this under-lies the kind of challenges facing private businesses. Some sectors and businesses adopt methods, which are technologically advanced than others, further compounding the challenges (Egeberg, 1995). On the other hand, the public sector passes as a more homogeneous entity operating in a placid environment.   Bureaucratic organisations are in most cases long establishments, which act, as monopolistic suppliers. The supply is to the society as opposed to the market, further to this, the pursuit of profits do not take precedence ahead of the provision of services to the citizens.The assumption that the public sector has been lacking in innovation is often advanced. However, Tan, (2004) notes that the spur of competition lacks in public procurement, a stark contrast with the private sector procurement. The public procurement sector should embrace new technological innovations like e-Procurement if it is to gain from benefits associated with such advancements, as is the case in private procurement (Fagerberg, Mowery and Nelson, 2000).ConclusionThe drive towards introducing private-like procurement style into the public procurement sector is a plausible effort as this in the end translates into a number of benefits desirable to the needs of the clients its serves. Such adoption is bound to increase efficiency thorough cost reductions and improvement on service provision. The social responsibility is the major bottleneck affecting the public sector procurement.The public institutions remain accused of being irr esponsive to the needs of the people they serve. However, all public organisations exist in a global setting, which heavily bears on how operations are conducted.   This co-existence; between public and the other sectors imply that there is a lot to be passed or transferred through learning.   The continued nature of existence of the public sector also indicates that learning through experience is a possibility since the various governments institutions are in a position to determine what works and the others which fail. The role of competition however desirable it is may prove inapplicable to the public sector procurement. This is the case in reference to when the public institutions are bidding for example, weaponry and other sensitive products.   The public sector is also charged with diverse responsibilities, which are not based on economic terms but rather on the social responsibility aspect.   Despite this, the public sector should learn from the public sector on how t o become competitive on various fronts.On the basis of the above realisation, it is hypothetically presented that adopting measures to delink the public procurement sector from the diplomatic and political machinations presents a way out in the area. The sector should also encourage more competition in terms of recruiting skilful personnel and in allowing a level playground when it comes to the tendering process. The sector is equally expected to alter the procedural requirements, which mire the biding and tendering exercises. Such a move should lead to a flexible system, which paves way for the achievement of efficiency and effectiveness in the sector.

Unemployment and Skills free essay sample

Obtaining a degree from institute of higher education in local or overseas has become necessary in order to get a good job with nice salary. However, a quite alarming issue is a high unemployment rate among graduate in this country. Many factors have been identified as being the causes for the increase in the unemployment rate among university graduates. Having straight â€Å"A’s† is no longer enough to secure a job or to give one a competitive edge in career advancement. These are the issues on unemployment among Malaysian graduates. Lack of social and communication skill in addition to a poor command of language and low level of confidence. Many graduates had achieved excellent academic results but could not secure employment without the relevant skills required in the labour market. 2. The lack of experience and skills are the causes leading to the unemployment of graduate’s. In Malaysia, the private sector today is not interested in recruiting local graduates because they lack several important skills, such as the capacity to communicate well in English, a lack of ICT proficiency, and a lack of interpersonal skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Unemployment and Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. Another issue that contributes to unemployment is inability to solve problem efficiently. This is tied to skills without skills, you have nothing to apply to solve a problem efficiently. This can be linked to the simple example of partial fractions. If you have the skills, you can dissect a fraction into its partial fraction quickly. Without, and you spend time dividing, which takes more time than a person with skills would have took. 4. Then the graduates themselves demand too much. The idea of a degree is contorted to such that a degree means good jobs, and that graduates deserve the jobs. Little do these group understand that while a person with degree in Engineering with First Class Honours may have the luxury of demanding a job (or they would be headhunted even before they start looking for a job), those who possess Pass with Merit arent in that same bunch, and that sad to say, their degree is indeed of a lower quality than the First Class. This is made even worse with those who have these degrees, in addition to having little skills, start blaming companies for not hiring them. . The mismatch between qualification acquired and current job market demand also cause the unemployment among graduates. Colleges and higher learning institutions should make sure that their syllabuses were relevant to the present industrial needs. It was therefore very important for learning institutions to conduct some research on the actual needs of the various industries to prevent students from taking up irrelevant courses which in the end would lead to unemployment among graduates. In conclusion the increasing unemployment rate among the graduates in Malaysia is a worrying trend. For many years, the issue cropped up again and again, made the news headlines, and even hit the parliament. The days have passed when a degree scroll can become your automatic passport to employment. Higher education is no longer a symbol of career success. This may sound painful for graduates but let’s face it. It is reality, no matter how harsh it may appear. According to Dacre Pool Sewell, 2007 â€Å"employability is having of skills, knowledge, understanding and personal attribute that make a person more likely to choose and secure occupations in which they can be satisfied and successful† and Yorke, 2006 â€Å"A set of achievements of skills, understanding and personal attributes, that will make graduates more likely to gain employment and be successful in their chosen occupations which benefits themselves, the workforce, the community and the economy†. Malaysia is a world class education system appears to have produced unemployable graduates with 90% of them are bumiputera. In 2010, about 30,000 graduates could not find a job six month after they graduate. There are several ways to Improve Graduate employability; 1. Use of democratic instructional strategies (SinghSingh,2008) such as role playing, simulations, problem solving exercises and case studies methods of promoting discussions among students and minimum the lectures class. By involve all the students in the class, it will make the class becomes lively. 2. To develop graduate skills and expertise such as in ICT proficiency are by working as temporary contract, doing an internship and other work experience. Both unpaid work experience and paid internship it’s a way to improve the important skills for the workplace and a stop-gap to avoid holes in jobseeker’ CVs whilst they are searching for permanent employment. 3. The implementation of the assessment of soft skills in public universities, such as in UPM there is a program for final year student called as finishing school that is compulsory to attend to before they graduate. These programs are providing a presentation in classes, encouraging problem-based learning and others. 4. Find out the most popular interview questions. There are some interview questions that will be used in most interviews. Use the internet to research common interview questions, and then develop clear, structured and intellectual answers. Next, practise the answers in front of a mirror, a friend or a family member to become confident in your answers. 5. Graduates must be ready. They have to find out which skills are currently required by employers. By reading up-to-date literature on what businesses are looking for in a person’s skill set, they can stay ahead of the game. The more information graduates gain, the easier they will satisfy the employers. 6. Graduates must expose themselves by pay a visit to a career centre. Career centres are designed to offer advice and direction for those who are seeking to gain employability skills. Once enrolled, you can begin a course which is specific to the skill you require. In conclusion as an intellectual graduate, they must fully prepare mentally and physically towards the unforeseen future. Graduates have to be more creative about how they build their prospects after university. They must endeavour to develop their skills and make contacts wherever possible, and remain focused on exactly what will make them more employable for their chosen market. Job prospects are perhaps not as bleak as the world would have graduates think, but they must be prepared to rise to the challenge and prove themselves well-equipped for the world of work.

Science and Atheism

Science and Atheism Science by definition is the intellectual, practical, and the systematic study of the composition and functioning of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.   Atheism, a word derived from the combination of the Greek ÃŽ ± or â€Å"not† and theos or â€Å"god† is commonly perceived as the belief that there is no God. Since science, as exemplified in the above definition operates in a framework of uncompromising naturalism and function as if our world has no connection with any supernatural being, it is often viewed atheistic. Although science and religion, according to literature are practices embodied in powerful social institutions and achieving peaceful coexistence, their boundaries, and social positions are well-defined. For one thing, science has a life of its own and regardless of its godly origins, it can function without theistic foundation. However, regardless of extreme naturalism and its very broad description of the world, science does not tolerate any atheistic morality and can function without atheism. Similar to theism that makes sense only to those who support the claim there is a God, atheism can only prosper in a society with different moral ideals such as Enlightenment humanism, communism, libertarianism, and others thus can also come into tension with science.   Atheism according to the literature is not just a claim that we live in a godless world. An atheist during the 18th century takes the world as given and rejects the claim that God is necessary to explain the existence of the world. Another form of atheism asserts that belief in God and in the afterlife undermines the value of human life on earth.   Similar to Marx and Lenin’s atheism, there is an atheistic world-view and ethics that people must become gods to be worthy of living in a godless world. Scientific Atheism Scientists in the 16th and 17th centuries, according to the literature were in a way self-consciously taken religion out of the discourse for the sake of modern science.   However, this was not at the done metaphysical level, but deliberately at the methodological level where religion and science do not mix. For instance, since good science involves dealing with problems until a solution is found, reaching out for God’s intervention whenever you encounter a problem is simply not science. Aside from the fact that most renowned scientists such as Galileo, Descartes, Boyle, Newton, and others were all religious, their atheistic attitude toward God was mere â€Å"scientific atheism† or recognition of the reality that Adam and Eve, Noah’s Flood, Jonah and the whale, and other religious claims   are no longer acceptable in modern science.   A survey of top-rank British scientist suggests that most respondents who came from physical sciences believed in God. Similarly, a study conducted in 1996 found that most members of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences do believe in God. Dissertation Writing Service Science and religion are two conflicting aspects of social life. As science attempt discover facts about the world through observation and reasoning, religion has a creed and code of personal morals that are directly in conflict with science.   For instance, a creed is often the intellectual source of dispute between religion and science due to assertions, dogma, and philosophical doctrines that science can easily disprove.

Aviation in the Global Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Aviation in the Global Context - Essay Example The first contemporary alliance took place in 1975 when Middle East Airlines went on to form a code sharing agreement with Iberia (Madrid to Beirut). FFP or the first frequent flier program started back in 1980 with Air UK and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines joining hands. The earlier alliances were marked by â€Å"joint flights, maintenance consortia, schedule coordination, ground handling, through fares, management contracts and catering joint ventures. Over time, with the development of computer reservation system (CRSs), early alliances involving joint flights evolved into code-sharing, a popular form of alliance agreement in the 1990s.† (Li, 2000, p. 65) Merger and Acquisition on the other hand was mostly seen in domestic airlines where several small domestic airlines generally came together to form a single body that owing to its size managed to reap of the economies of scale, scope and density. Merger and Acquisition on International scale was not so common owing to the fact t hat in most of the cases cross border ownership is restricted (Giovanni, 2002); as mentioned by Evans (2001) â€Å"non-European Union investors cannot hold a majority stake in any European Union airline.† (Evans, 2001, 234). However in recent times the merger of KLM and Air France with the later taking the main role might be an example that such type of business ventures in not far away (EMCC, 2008, p.1). Furthermore any alliance is incomplete if it fails to get the antitrust immunity (ATI) from the government of the respective country that will enable the cooperation on the financial issues. This paper takes a two way approach to discuss the rationale of airlines adopting a global alliance or Merger and Acquisition strategy (including cross border M&A) with a critical analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches. The second part of the paper provides a close and critical view of antitrust immunity that is a culmination of freedom, which is provided to vario us